What Is A Battery Management System?

What Is A Battery Management System?

The Battery Management System (bms) Is The “babysitter + Doctor” Of The Battery. It Takes Care Of It Meticulously, So That The Battery Pack Can Work Normally And Stably, With A Longer Life And Safety.

The Battery Management System Includes A Series Of Software And Hardware, And Its Specific Functions Include: Battery Status Monitoring, Battery Safety Management, Battery Charge And Discharge Control, Battery Temperature Control, Etc.

Battery Status Monitoring

The Status To Be Monitored Includes Voltage, Current, Temperature, Etc. According To The Status Data, The Percentage Of Charge (soc) Of The Battery Can Be Estimated, And Various Operations Of The Battery Can Be Controlled Accordingly.

Why Use A Percentage To Express Power?

Because The Energy Of The Battery Is In The Form Of Chemical Energy, It Cannot Be Directly And Accurately Measured. It Can Only Be Estimated Through Multiple Related Data, And The Usable Power Is Not Fixed And Is Affected By Temperature And Attenuation.

The Power Estimate Is Inaccurate! How Can It Be Used?

Considering The Characteristics Of The Battery “shallow Charge And Shallow Discharge” And The Difficulty Of Power Estimation, It Is Currently Controlled By The Available Power, Which Is Less Than The Actual Power Of The Battery.

So The Power Data We See Is The Percentage Of The Available Power, Which Has Two Advantages:

1. When The Available Power Is Used To 0% Or Charged To 100%, It Is Only A Part Of The Real Power And Will Not Cause Substantial Damage To The Battery Performance, So Feel Free To Use It. Even If It Reaches 0%, You Can Still Run A Few Kilometers.

2. The Available Power Is In The Middle Part Of The Real Power, And The Change In The Middle Part Is Stable, So The Data Calculation Is Relatively Accurate.

What Is A Power Lock?

Power Lock Is To Limit The Available Power Through Bms Software Settings. All Batteries Will Be Locked In A Certain Proportion To Ensure Battery Safety And Delay Decay.

In Order To Reduce Risks, Some Manufacturers Have Upgraded The Bms Software Of The User’s Vehicle Without Notification And Confirmation, And Increased The Power Lock Ratio, Resulting In A Significant Reduction In Available Power. This Is A Violation Of User Rights And Should Be Punished.

Battery Temperature Control

The Battery Must Work At A Suitable Temperature, So Controlling The Battery Temperature Is Also One Of The Most Important Tasks Of The Bms. In Summer, It Needs To Dissipate Heat And Cool Down, And In Winter, It Needs To Heat And Keep Warm.

There Are Two Methods Of Battery Temperature Control: Air Cooling And Liquid Cooling:

1. The Current New Cars Basically Use Liquid Cooling, Which Can Ensure The Normal Use Of The Vehicle Under Extreme Temperature Conditions. The Liquid-cooled Battery Lies In A “constant Temperature Swimming Pool”, Which Has The Advantages Of Strong Temperature Regulation Ability, Stable Battery Performance And Slow Decay.

2. The Temperature Control Of The Air-cooled Battery Depends Entirely On “blowing”. The Advantage Is That The Structure Is Simple And The Cost Is Low; The Disadvantage Is That The Performance Of The Battery Is Greatly Affected By The Ambient Temperature, And The Decay Is Fast, Which Affects The Life.

Vehicle charging recommendations for air-cooled batteries are as follows:

1) In hot summer, try to charge indoors or in underground parking lots.

2) In the cold winter, after using the car, charge it as soon as possible while it is hot.